[382][383] After Athens was awarded the first Games, in reference to the Olympics' Greek origins, Paris hosted the second Games in 1900. On 10 August 1792, an angry crowd threatened the palace of King Louis XVI, who took refuge in the Legislative Assembly. 160 were here. In 2010, it banned the wearing of face-covering Islamic veils in public; human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch described the law as discriminatory towards Muslims. Student Registration for the 2023-24 school year is now open! [100] However, the plan was abandoned due to fears of burdening French businesses. Among the 47,000 religious buildings in France, 94% are Roman Catholic. It is estimated that between 300million[271] and 500million[272] people worldwide can speak French, either as a mother tongue or as a second language. Medical insurance is strongly recommended. [174] Less than 2 percent of GDP is generated by the primary sector, namely agriculture;[175] however, France's agricultural sector is among the largest in value and leads the EU in terms of overall production. [354], According to 2017 data compiled by Deloitte, Louis Vuitton Moet Hennessey (LVMH), a French brand, is the largest luxury company in the world by sales, selling more than twice the amount of its nearest competitor. athletic calendar. 1987), p. 17. Victor Hugo is sometimes seen as "the greatest French writer of all time"[322] for excelling in all literary genres. They were encouraged to retain their distinctive cultures and traditions and required merely to integrate. France has signed and ratified the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)[164] and acceded to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. France is a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), but under President de Gaulle excluded itself from the joint military command, in protest of the Special Relationship between the United States and Britain, and to preserve the independence of French foreign and security policies. Air France is the national carrier airline, although numerous private airline companies provide domestic and international travel services. France attempted to regain control of French Indochina but was defeated by the Viet Minh in 1954 at the climactic Battle of Dien Bien Phu. Clyde A. Erwin Middle Academics Counseling Office Information Counseling Office Information Report Bullying Say Something Counseling Office Information **If you need assistance, please call or text the school social worker, Mr. Reaves, at (828) 777-1276. It experienced a golden age in the 17th century thanks to Louis XIV, who employed many talented musicians and composers in the royal court. [224] Telesurgery was first performed by French surgeons led by Jacques Marescaux on 7 September 2001 across the Atlantic Ocean. Search . There are many art museums in France, the most famous of which being the state-owned Muse du Louvre, which collects artwork from the 18th century and earlier. [211] It is operated by the SNCF, and high-speed trains include the Thalys, the Eurostar and TGV, which travels at 320km/h (199mph). [336] Although there are very few rock bands in France compared to English-speaking countries,[337] bands such as Noir Dsir, Mano Negra, Niagara, Les Rita Mitsouko and more recently Superbus, Phoenix and Gojira,[338] or Shaka Ponk, have reached worldwide popularity. Other foreign artists also settled and worked in or near Paris, such as Vincent van Gogh, Marc Chagall, Amedeo Modigliani and Wassily Kandinsky. Basic principles of the rule of law were laid in the Napoleonic Code (which was, in turn, largely based on the royal law codified under Louis XIV). France was one of the founding members of NATO (1949). [206] France is considered a world leader in nuclear technology, with reactors and fuel products being major exports. L'volution du contenu de l'obligation scolaire, 18811882: Lois Ferry cole publique gratuite, laque et obligatoire, "Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) France report", Le no-impressionnisme de Seurat Paul Klee, 10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t063666, Site officiel de la Cathedrale de Notre-Dame de Reims, "Charles VII et Louis XI -Know -Val de Loire patrimoine mondial", "Urbanisme: Des gratte-ciel Paris: qu'en pensez-vous Posez vos questions", In the heart of the main European Business area, "Victor Hugo est le plus grand crivain franais", "Dirty books and literary freedom: The Lady Chatterley publisher who beat the censors", Modiano strengthens France's literature Nobel dominance, "Debussy's 'La Mer' Marks 100th Birthday", "French music has the whole planet singing", "Encyclopdie Larousse en ligne les frres Lumire", "You Know These 20 Movies. [283] The French health care system was ranked first worldwide by the World Health Organization in 1997. Academically & Intellectually Gifted (AIG), Office of Family Engagement & Community Partnerships. K-12 Student Accident Insurance Enroll Online 2023-2024.pdf, Student Accident Enrollment Form 2023-2024.pdf, 2023-2024 Student Athlete Claim Form - English.pdf2023-2024 Student Athlete Claim Form - Spanish.pdf, 2023-2024 NCHSAA Consent Form - English.pdf, 2023-2024 NCHSAA Consent Form - Spanish.pdf, 2023-2024 NCHSAA Athletic Preparticipation Examination Form - English.pdf, 2023-2024 NCHSAA Athletic Preparticipation Examination Form - Spanish.pdf, 2023-2024 Concussion Information Sheet & Form - Engish.pdf, 2023-2024 Concussion Information Sheet & Form - Spanish.pdf, Request and Permission for Private Transportation.pdf. [141] In 2015, it was described as "the best networked state in the world" due to its membership in more international institutions than any other country;[142] these include the G7, World Trade Organization (WTO),[143] the Pacific Community (SPC)[144] and the Indian Ocean Commission (COI). Away Game Directions. [274], Catholicism has been the predominant religion in France for more than a millennium, though it is not as actively practised today as it was. According to the 2007 Adult Education survey, part of a project by the European Union and carried out in France by the INSEE and based on a sample of 15,350 persons, French was the native language of 87.2% of the total population, or roughly 55.81million people, followed by Arabic (3.6%, 2.3million), Portuguese (1.5%, 960,000), Spanish (1.2%, 770,000) and Italian (1.0%, 640,000). [105] France had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 4.52/10, ranking it 123rd globally out of 172 countries. [202] As of 2021, France was the biggest energy exporter in Europe, mostly to the U.K. and Italy,[203] and the largest net exporter of electricity in the world. France has hosted events such as the 1938 and 1998 FIFA World Cups,[378] the 2007 Rugby World Cup,[379] and will host the 2023 Rugby World Cup. There is no annual registration fee or road tax; however, usage of the mostly privately owned motorways is through tolls except in the vicinity of large communes. [384] Paris was the first home of the International Olympic Committee, before it moved to Lausanne. and game updates from the In the August 1791 Declaration of Pillnitz, the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia threatened to restore the French monarch by force. France remains a leader in filmmaking, as of 2015[update] producing more films than any other European country. Clovis claimed that he would be baptised a Christian in the event of his victory against the Visigoths, which was said to have guaranteed the battle. France retains its centuries-long status as a global centre of art, science and philosophy. The French nuclear force (formerly known as "Force de Frappe") consists of four Triomphant class submarines equipped with submarine-launched ballistic missiles. France was divided into a German occupation zone in the north, an Italian occupation zone in the southeast and an unoccupied territory, the rest of France, which consisted of the southern French metropolitan territory (two-fifths of pre-war metropolitan France) and the French empire, which included the two protectorates of French Tunisia and French Morocco, and French Algeria; the Vichy government, a newly established authoritarian regime collaborating with Germany, ruled the unoccupied territory. French foreign policy after World War II has been largely shaped by membership in the European Union, of which it was a founding member. Athletics provide not only an avenue for the development of athletic skills, but for the development of the total person. However, it ranks third in tourism-derived income due to the shorter duration of visits. NC VOL CLAIM FORM SPANISH 1675 SPA_AXIS_CLAIM_EXCESS_5-20.pdf, 4. The pronunciation with // is mostly confined to accents with the trap-bath split such as Received Pronunciation, though it can be also heard in some other dialects such as Cardiff English, in which /frns/ is in free variation with /frns/.[25]. Conversely, French directors have had prolific and influential careers in other countries, such as Luc Besson, Jacques Tourneur or Francis Veber in the United States. Lucile Erwin Middle School [citation needed]. Free dailies, distributed in metropolitan centers, continue to increase their market share. He is best known, however, as the main editor of the Encyclopdie, whose aim was, to sum up all the knowledge of his century (in fields such as arts, sciences, languages, and philosophy) and to fight ignorance and obscurantism. Students missing more than 14 days must attend one attendance summer school at a cost of $50 per session. Contact Us. However, he opposed any development of a supranational Europe, favouring a Europe of sovereign nations. [127] The Assembly has the power to dismiss the government by majority vote. [26] Neanderthals occupied the region into the Upper Paleolithic era, but were slowly replaced by Homo sapiens around 35,000 BCE. Charles IV the Fair died without an heir in 1328. France uses a civil legal system, wherein law arises primarily from written statutes;[86] judges are not to make law, but merely to interpret it (though the amount of judicial interpretation in certain areas makes it equivalent to case law in a common law system). [303][304] It was voted the best museum in the world in 2018. On the military architectural side, Vauban designed some of the most efficient fortresses in Europe and became an influential military architect; as a result, imitations of his works can be found all over Europe, the Americas, Russia and Turkey.[313][314]. In the North, butter and cream are common ingredients, whereas olive oil is more commonly used in the South. The association of France with fashion and style (French: la mode) dates largely to the reign of Louis XIV[353] when the luxury goods industries in France came increasingly under royal control and the French royal court became, arguably, the arbiter of taste and style in Europe. About Our District Departments Parents Students Careers Board of Education . West Francia approximated the area occupied by and was the precursor to, modern France.[44]. Hand transplantation was developed in Lyon in 1998 by an international team that included Jean-Michel Dubernard, who afterward performed the first successful double hand transplant. Due to its shape, France is often referred to as l'Hexagone ("The Hexagon"). Rail connections exist to all other neighbouring countries in Europe except Andorra. Corsica lies off the Mediterranean coast. [225] A face transplant was first done on 27 November 2005 by Bernard Devauchelle. "90.07.06: The Aerospace Industry: Its History and How it Affects the U.S. Economy", "La France demeure un fournisseur d'armes de premier plan", The List: Best and Worst Countries for Cybersecurity, The attractiveness of world-class business districts: Paris La Dfense vs. its global competitors, "These are the top 10 manufacturing countries in the world", "Germans Say Goodbye to the Mark, a Symbol of Strength and Unity". Since 2016, France is divided into 18 administrative regions: 13 regions in metropolitan France (including Corsica),[114] and five overseas. It is one of 32 countries with nuclear power plants, ranking second in the world by the number of operational nuclear reactors, at 56. The band playing, drum majors showing out . His armies conquered most of continental Europe with swift victories such as the battles of Jena-Auerstadt or Austerlitz. [151] In the 1960s, France sought to exclude the British from the European unification process,[152] seeking to build its standing in continental Europe. The Government of France does not regulate the choice of language in publications by individuals, but the use of French is required by law in commercial and workplace communications. Gothic architecture, originally named Opus Francigenum meaning "French work",[307] was born in le-de-France and was the first French style of architecture to be copied in all of Europe. Les Contemplations and La Lgende des sicles are considered "poetic masterpieces",[323] Hugo's verse has been compared to that of Shakespeare, Dante and Homer. [22], In English, 'France' is pronounced /frns/ FRANSS in American English and /frns/ FRAHNSS or /frns/ FRANSS in British English. Intra-urban connections are also well developed, with most major cities having underground or tramway services complementing bus services. [194], France, especially Paris, has some of the world's largest and most renowned museums, including the Louvre, which is the most visited art museum in the world (7.7million visitors in 2022), the Muse d'Orsay (3.3million), mostly devoted to Impressionism, the Muse de l'Orangerie (1.02million), which is home to eight large Water Lily murals by Claude Monet, as well as the Centre Georges Pompidou (3million), dedicated to contemporary art. By 1875, the French conquest of Algeria was complete, and approximately 825,000 Algerians had been killed from famine, disease, and violence.[66]. France remains a major destination for immigrants, accepting about 200,000 legal immigrants annually. [126] Legislators in the National Assembly, known as dputs, represent local constituencies and are directly elected for five-year terms. Subsequent decades saw a period of optimism, cultural and scientific flourishing, as well as economic prosperity, known as the Belle poque. At this time there was a strong Gothic resurgence across Europe and in France; the associated architect was Eugne Viollet-le-Duc. More . By the mid-18th century, Nantes had become the primary port involved.[55]. For roughly two centuries, the French economy has consistently ranked among the ten largest globally; it is currently the world's ninth-largest by purchasing power parity, the seventh-largest by nominal GDP, and the second-largest in the European Union by both metrics. [348] In 2013 France was the second greatest exporter of films in the world, after the United States. [317] Other massive buildings that are a challenge to integrate into their environment are large bridges; an example of the way this has been done is the Millau Viaduct. ", "Takeaways from the final round of France's parliamentary elections", "The makeover of France's National Rally", "France Parliamentary composition and functions", "Franois Hollande signs same-sex marriage into law", "France: Strict defamation and privacy laws limit free expression Index on Censorship | Index on Censorship", La lutte contre le racisme et l'antismintisme en France, "Membership of the Security Councils of the UN", "About the Association of Caribbean States", "L'alliance Franco-allemande au coeur de la puissance europenne", "De Gaulle says 'non' to Britain again", "Quand Mitterrand, dj, ngociait le retour de la France dans l'Otan", "Le retour de la France dans l'OTAN suscite un malaise dans les rangs de la Droite", "France involvement in peace-keeping operations", "Official development assistance (ODA) Net ODA OECD Data", "Aid to developing countries rebounds in 2013 to reach an all-time high".
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