[124] The human population is not, however, uniformly distributed on the Earth's surface, because the population density varies from one region to another, and large stretches of surface are almost completely uninhabited, like Antarctica and vast swathes of the ocean. Binary Fission: Prokaryotic Cell Division, 38. PhD Student. While working in the Maerz Laboratory, he pursued a Master of Science in Physiology at the University of Michigan and investigated the role of the endocannabinoid system in post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Non-credit review classes for some of the professional actuarial examinations are organized each term; ask your actuarial advisor about the time and place of these classes. ", "The inequality delusion: Why we've got the wealth gap all wrong", "Humans: Unusually Murderous Mammals, Typically Murderous Primates", "Animal behaviour: Lethal violence deep in the human lineage", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Human&oldid=1166766772, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2023, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing Old French (842-ca. [59] They eventually traded with each other and invented technology such as wheels, plows and sails. Long-distance trade routes might have led to cultural explosions and resource distribution that gave humans an advantage over other similar species. Humans are generally diurnal, sleeping on average seven to nine hours per day. [72][73] During this period iron started replacing bronze, leading to the Iron Age. Biology, Health, and Society, B.Sc. | University of Michigan Actuarial Mathematics | U-M LSA Mathematics [205] For various reasons, including biological/genetic causes, women live on average about four years longer than men. [244] Light skin pigmentation protects against depletion of vitamin D, which requires sunlight to make. [265][266][267] The greatest degree of genetic variation exists between males and females. Males on average are 15% heavier and 15cm (6in) taller than females. in Movement Science, Sam pursued a gap year as a clinical research coordinator for the Integrated Spine Research Program (ISRP) at the Hospital for Special Surgery in Manhattan, New York. This has allowed great technological advancements and complex tool development to be possible through complex reasoning and the transmission of knowledge to subsequent generations. Humans can survive for up to eight weeks without food and several days without water. [150] While humans have a density of hair follicles comparable to other apes, it is predominantly vellus hair, most of which is so short and wispy as to be practically invisible. Humans are omnivorous, capable of consuming a wide variety of plant and animal material, and have used fire and other forms of heat to prepare and cook food since the time of Homo erectus. [127] Human habitation within these hostile environments is restrictive and expensive, typically limited in duration, and restricted to scientific, military, or industrial expeditions. As such, social interactions between humans have established a wide variety of values, social norms, languages, and rituals, each of which bolsters human society. See List of University of Michigan sporting alumni. Wildlife Biology | University of Michigan-Flint College of WebThe dedicated academic advisor for the Wildlife Biology program is Megan Presland. Phil completed his PhD at the University of Michigan in 2018 in pharmaceutical sciences, and graduated from the University of Connecticut in 2013 with a degree in chemistry. [149] Apart from bipedalism and brain size, humans differ from chimpanzees mostly in smelling, hearing and digesting proteins. Students are encouraged to take either Math 422 to satisfy their upper-level writing requirement. Rachel Bergman, Medical Student - University of Michigan. Some philosophers divide consciousness into phenomenal consciousness, which is sensory experience itself, and access consciousness, which can be used for reasoning or directly controlling actions. [140] The combined biomass of the carbon of all the humans on Earth in 2018 was estimated at 60 million tons, about 10 times larger than that of all non-domesticated mammals. She has participated in the Maerz lab since June of 2021. Specifically, he is interested in brain-on-a-chip, bone-on-a-chip, and lymph-on-a-chip . [352] Literary arts can include prose, poetry and dramas; while the performing arts generally involve theatre, music and dance. All but one of these lineages representing the genus Homo and its sole extant species Homo sapiens are now extinct. [419] Many societies recognise a third gender,[420] or less commonly a fourth or fifth. All modern humans are classified into the species Homo sapiens, coined by Carl Linnaeus in his 1735 work Systema Naturae. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Members Aton Lab - University of Michigan Biology, Health, and Society (BHS) Major Requirements - U-M There are more than 640,000 living alumni of the University of Michigan in 180 countries across the globe. Absolutely Necessary Chemistry Summary, 15. [101] This expansion led to the Atlantic slave trade[102] and the genocide of Native American peoples. Humans have a larger and more developed prefrontal cortex than other primates, the region of the brain associated with higher cognition. Humans are highly social and tend to live in complex social structures composed of many cooperating and competing groups, from families and kinship networks to political states. Language, art, and trade are defining characteristics of humans. [369], Unlike speaking, reading and writing does not come naturally to humans and must be taught. [257][258], Genetic research has demonstrated that human populations native to the African continent are the most genetically diverse[259] and genetic diversity decreases with migratory distance from Africa, possibly the result of bottlenecks during human migration. Now, in the labs of Drs. [23] H. sapiens migrated out of the continent, gradually replacing or interbreeding with local populations of archaic humans. Human groups range from the size of families to nations. Browse All Topics | The National Academies Press [184] The average gestation period is 38 weeks, but a normal pregnancy can vary by up to 37 days. in Molecular and Cellular Biology from Eastern Michigan University in 2016. Some, but not all, of the courses numbered 300 and above offered by Accounting, Computer Science, Economics, Finance, Industrial and Operations Engineering, and Statistics are appropriate here. [452], Humans commit violence on other humans at a rate comparable to other primates, but have an increased preference for killing adults, infanticide being more common among other primates. Students need not have completed all of the major prerequisites to declare, but should have completed the introductory biology sequence In addition, each student must complete two introductory courses in Economics (Econ 101 and 102), and acquire a working knowledge of a high-level computer language (e.g. Summary Table of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells and Functions, 32. [106] The Napoleonic Wars raged through Europe in the early 1800s,[107] Spain lost most of its colonies in the New World,[108] while Europeans continued expansion into Africa where European control went from 10% to almost 90% in less than 50 years[109] and Oceania. [44][45] The Neolithic Revolution (the invention of agriculture) first took place in Southwest Asia and spread through large parts of the Old World over the following millennia. im applying to umich EA this fall and i was wondering if anyone here is a biology, health, and Biology, Health, and Society, Class of 2022. WebStudents need not have completed all of the major prerequisites to declare, but should have completed the introductory biology sequence with a 2.0 GPA or better and be in good You can contact her at meganrv@umich.edu or (810) 762-3020. [315] Acting on extreme or uncontrolled emotions can lead to social disorder and crime,[316] with studies showing criminals may have a lower emotional intelligence than normal. In her free time, she enjoys hiking and doing crossword puzzles. Though humans vary in many traits (such as genetic predispositions and physical features), any two humans are at least 99% genetically similar. 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For most of history, humans were nomadic hunter-gatherers. [29][30] H. sapiens proceeded to colonize all the continents and larger islands, arriving in Eurasia 125,000 years ago,[31][32] Australia around 65,000 years ago,[33] the Americas around 15,000 years ago, and remote islands such as Hawaii, Easter Island, Madagascar, and New Zealand between the years 300 and 1280 CE. scientific process to unfold. Sunghun graduated with his Bachelor's degree in Biomedical Engineering with a concentration in Biomechanics at the University of Michigan in 2021. [342] Other traits and behaviors that are mostly unique to humans include starting fires,[343] phoneme structuring[344] and vocal learning. [305][306] This may focus on intellectual, cognitive, neural, social, or moral development. [3][4] The word human can refer to all members of the Homo genus,[5] although in common usage it generally just refers to Homo sapiens, the only extant species. Throughout Michigan alumnus Jeffrey Seller has produced two Pulitzer Prize winning plays on Broadway: As of 2021, Michigan has matriculated 30 Rhodes Scholars. He is the author of three books of poetry, The Book of Motion, Mine and Greenhouses, Lighthouses, as well as a study of digital culture, A Prehistory of the Cloud. He earned an MFA in creative writing at University of Michigan. [282] Even compared with other social animals, humans have an unusually high degree of flexibility in their facial expressions. [228][229] Childhood malnutrition is also common and contributes to the global burden of disease. Babylonians came to dominate Mesopotamia while others,[68] such as the Poverty Point culture, Minoans and the Shang dynasty, rose to prominence in new areas. Several terms redirect here. ", "Culture | United Nations For Indigenous Peoples", "Types of Literary Arts and Their Understanding bookfestivalscotland.com", "Culinary arts How cooking can be an art", "The evolution of human artistic creativity", "Oldest Known Drawing by Human Hands Discovered in South African Cave", "Getting the beat: entrainment of brain activity by musical rhythm and pleasantness", "Why do we like to dance And move to the beat? Majors & Minors | U-M LSA Program in Biology [441] As of 2017, more than half of all national governments are democracies, with 13% being autocracies and 28% containing elements of both. 1400)-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Articles lacking reliable references from June 2022, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, This page was last edited on 23 July 2023, at 16:33. [165][166], While no humans not even monozygotic twins are genetically identical,[167] two humans on average will have a genetic similarity of 99.5%-99.9%. [187] In developed countries, infants are typically 34kg (79lb) in weight and 4753cm (1921in) in height at birth. The human brain, the focal point of the central nervous system in humans, controls the peripheral nervous system. In some cases, dietary restrictions in humans can lead to deficiency diseases; however, stable human groups have adapted to many dietary patterns through both genetic specialization and cultural conventions to use nutritionally balanced food sources. It may also refer to individuals of either sex. [240], Human hair ranges in color from red to blond to brown to black, which is the most frequent. [164] Genes and environment influence human biological variation in visible characteristics, physiology, disease susceptibility and mental abilities. [110] A tenuous balance of power among European nations collapsed in 1914 with the outbreak of the First World War, one of the deadliest conflicts in history. She went on to complete her postdoctoral work at the University of Pennsylvania under the mentorship of Marcos Frank. ", "Despite global concerns about democracy, more than half of countries are democratic", "Did Use of Free Trade Cause Neanderthal Extinction? [235], There is evidence that populations have adapted genetically to various external factors. For leisure, Alex enjoys outdoor pursuits like sports, hiking, camping and birdwatching, while also being an avid history and wildlife enthusiast. Monique assists with histology priorities for various projects within the lab. Outside of the lab, he enjoys writing fiction stories, and he hopes to be an author following obtaining his PhD. WebMHCC Biology 112: Biology for Health Professions by Lisa Bartee is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. [361] Art attributed to H. sapiens existed at least 75,000 years ago, with jewellery and drawings found in caves in South Africa. [302] The human brain perceives the external world through the senses, and each individual human is influenced greatly by his or her experiences, leading to subjective views of existence and the passage of time. [324] The biological and physical aspects of sexuality largely concern the human reproductive functions, including the human sexual response cycle. Winner of 2022, Jessica Hollander (BA 2004), author of the Katherine Anne Porter Prize winning story collection In These Times the Home is a Tired Place (2013) and the chapbook Mythical Places (2019) Sonders Press, Tung-Hui Hu, Hu, a 1998 graduate in comparative literature, is an associate professor in English at the University of Michigan. Umich Biology Health And Society - Your Health Improve range of topics. [206] As of 2018[update], the global average life expectancy at birth of a girl is estimated to be 74.9 years compared to 70.4 for a boy. [323][324] Sexual desire, or libido, is a basic mental state present at the beginning of sexual behavior. [9], Despite the fact that the word animal is colloquially used as an antonym for human,[10] and contrary to a common biological misconception, humans are animals. policies, inform public opinion, and advance the pursuit of science, WebThere are eight majors and two minors offered through the Program in Biology (some with other departments' participation). [391] Religion can include a belief in life after death (commonly involving belief in an afterlife),[392] the origin of life,[393] the nature of the universe (religious cosmology) and its ultimate fate (eschatology), and what is moral or immoral. [391] Religion has taken on many forms that vary by culture and individual perspective in alignment with the geographic, social, and linguistic diversity of the planet. [263][264], Humans are a gonochoric species, meaning they are divided into male and female sexes. [368] Listening to music and observing dance stimulates the orbitofrontal cortex and other pleasure sensing areas of the brain. Historically it is associated with introspection, private thought, imagination and volition. [201] Human females undergo menopause and become infertile at around the age of 50. As of 2021, UM numbers amongst its alumni 29 Fellows of the American Mathematical Society. Incomplete dominance: when traits blend, 90. [275] There are intersex conditions in the human population, however these are rare.[276]. [207][208] There are significant geographical variations in human life expectancy, mostly correlated with economic development for example, life expectancy at birth in Hong Kong is 87.6years for girls and 81.8 for boys, while in the Central African Republic, it is 55.0years for girls and 50.6 for boys. [309], Emotions are biological states associated with the nervous system[310][311] brought on by neurophysiological changes variously associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or displeasure. These include allowing them to better problem solve issues, providing a means to control or influence other humans, encouraging cooperation and contribution within a society or increasing the chance of attracting a potential mate. [222][223] The types of food consumed, and how they are prepared, have varied widely by time, location, and culture. connect, engage, and inspire. [75] Between the 8th and 6th century BCE, Europe entered the classical antiquity age, a period when ancient Greece and ancient Rome flourished. Changes in number of genes or chromosomes, 52. [242][248][249] Much of human variation is continuous, often with no clear points of demarcation. [92] Oceania would see the rise of the Tui Tonga Empire which expanded across many islands in the South Pacific. findings to address some of society's greatest challenges. Often, both the mother and the father provide care for their children, who are helpless at birth. The Maya civilization started to build cities and create complex calendars. It has since then increased exponentially, reaching two billion in 1930 and three billion in 1960, four in 1975, five in 1987 and six billion in 1999. [57] It was in these cities that the earliest known form of writing, cuneiform script, appeared around 3000 BCE. [246][247], There is relatively little variation between human geographical populations, and most of the variation that occurs is at the individual level. The evolution and the history of the first religions have recently become areas of active scientific investigation. [85] In the Middle East, Islam became the prominent religion and expanded into North Africa. [6] The name "Homo sapiens" means 'wise man' or 'knowledgeable man'. Since 1989, 89 Michigan students have received the prestigious Goldwater Scholarship, one of the largest cohort's in the country and second only to Stanford in the last 10 years. peer-reviewed reports present the evidence-based consensus of committees [216], Until the development of agriculture approximately 10,000 years ago, Homo sapiens employed a hunter-gatherer method as their sole means of food collection. [200] The lengths of these stages have varied across cultures and time periods but is typified by an unusually rapid growth spurt during adolescence. what the National Academies are doing in various topic areas to In addition to controlling "lower," involuntary, or primarily autonomic activities such as respiration and digestion, it is also the locus of "higher" order functioning such as thought, reasoning, and abstraction. [4] The Apollo 15 crew also named a crater on the Moon "Wolverine". [236] Sickle cell anemia, which may provide increased resistance to malaria, is frequent in populations where malaria is endemic. One school of thought holds that war evolved as a means to eliminate competitors, and has always been an innate human characteristic. Find books in subject areas that are of interest to you. [322], For humans, sexuality involves biological, erotic, physical, emotional, social, or spiritual feelings and behaviors. [445][446] Early trade likely involved materials for creating tools like obsidian. WebThe University of Michigan Department of Mathematics is recognized by the Society of Actuaries as a Center for Actuarial Excellence! Dr. Maerz completed his undergraduate studies in Biomedical Engineering at Lawrence Technological University, followed by his Masters and doctoral training in Biomedical Engineering at Wayne State University. [410] Philosophical inquiry has been a major feature in the development of humans' intellectual history. [399] As of 2015, about 16%, or slightly under 1.2 billion humans, were irreligious, including those with no religious beliefs or no identity with any religion. Biological Macromolecule Practice Questions, 16. [241] Hair color depends on the amount of melanin, with concentrations fading with increased age, leading to grey or even white hair. All rights reserved | Email: [emailprotected]. Easton Farrell, PhD Student - Biomedical Engineering. institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing [176] In 2012 the International HapMap Project had compared the genomes of 1,184 individuals from 11 populations and identified 1.6 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. Students are strongly encouraged to meet with an advisor to plan their path through the major. Currently, Cody is attending medical school at the University of Minnesota and plans to pursue a career in research-based medicine. [163], Like most animals, humans are a diploid and eukaryotic species. Outside of lab, Lindsey enjoys weightlifting, disc golfing, yard games (especially cornhole! 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